Shows the number and ratio of formed elements of the blood (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets), hemoglobin level, hematocrit, color index, etc.
Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide back. Contain hemoglobin and are responsible for gas exchange.
Normal range:
Reasons for increased values (erythrocytosis): dehydration, chronic hypoxia, lung diseases, congenital heart defects, erythremia.
Reasons for decreased values (erythrocytosis): anemia, blood loss, chronic inflammatory diseases, bone marrow hematopoiesis disorders.
Protein contained in red blood cells. Provides transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Is the main indicator of the oxygen capacity of the blood.
Normal range:
Reasons for increased values: thickening of blood due to dehydration, chronic hypoxia, erythrocytosis, lung diseases, smoking.
Reasons for decreased values: anemia (iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, chronic), blood loss, pregnancy.
White blood cells, perform a protective function. Participate in immune reactions, destroy infectious agents and atypical cells.
Normal range: 4.0-9.0 × 10⁹/l
Reasons for increased values (leukocytosis): bacterial infections, inflammation, trauma, malignant neoplasms, leukemia, glucocorticoid intake.
Reasons for decreased values (leukocytosis): viral infections, bone marrow suppression, aplastic anemia, autoimmune diseases, cytostatics.
Cells involved in blood clotting. Provide primary hemostasis − form a platelet plug at the site of vascular damage.
Normal range: 150–400 × 10⁹/l
Reasons for increased values (thrombocytosis): inflammatory processes, iron deficiency anemia, after removal of the spleen, myeloproliferative diseases.
Reasons for decreased values (thrombocytosis): viral infections, autoimmune conditions, taking certain medications, liver cirrhosis, thrombocytopenic purpura, leukemia.
Shows an indirect sign of the presence of inflammation or other pathological processes.
Normal range:
Reasons for increased values: inflammatory and infectious diseases, anemia, autoimmune pathologies, oncology.
Reasons for decreased values: polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, taking certain medications.
